“Water Water Everywhere” is a lesson of Class 8 Textbook of MPBSE. Here all the Exercises Questions are done by teachers.
Word Power
Homophones are pairs of words that are pronounced in the same way but have different meanings and different spellings.
Example: hear – here
weather – whether
Now write the homophones for these words.
i. steel – steal
ii. due – dew
iii. knew – new
iv. way – weigh
v. aloud – allowed
vi. pain – pane
vii. our – hour
Comprehension
A. Answer the following questions:
i. What is a disaster?
A disaster is an unexpected event, such as an accident, a flood, or a fire, that causes a lot of damage to property, kills or injures people, or harms the environment.
ii. What are epidemics?
Epidemics are infectious diseases that spread over a large population through contaminated water, food, or air.
iii. What are the ill effects of floods?
The ill effects of floods include:
- Destruction of life and property
- Outbreak of epidemics like cholera, malaria, and diarrhoea
- Soil erosion
iv. How are human beings responsible for causing floods?
Human beings contribute to floods through activities like:
- Deforestation
- Faulty dam construction
- Breaches in embankments due to the pressure of transport routes near river banks
v. How is our life affected by floods?
Floods affect our lives by destroying homes and property, spreading diseases, disrupting daily life, and causing emotional and financial stress.
B. Measures to Ensure Safety of Life During a Disaster Like Flood
To ensure safety during a flood:
- Keep an eye on the water level of rivers and streams, especially during heavy rains.
- Avoid going near flooded rivers or streams; it is risky.
- Move to a higher place or a safe building like a school, temple, or gram panchayat bhawan if your house is in danger.
- Free cattle and move them to a safer place.
- Carry essential items like food, clothes, a torch, candles, and matchboxes when evacuating.
- Stay calm and avoid panic in any situation.
- Listen to and follow the instructions of the authorities and take necessary precautions to protect yourself and your family.
C. Different Ways to Purify Drinking Water
- Use chlorine tablets to disinfect the water.
- Boil water before drinking to kill harmful germs.
- Use filters or water purifiers if available.
- Ensure that the water is stored in clean, covered containers to keep it safe from contamination.
Teaching Exemplary on “and,” “but,” and “or”
A. Read the following sentences and learn the use of “and”, “but”, and “or”. These words are used to join or link words or clauses.
i. You must take care. You will fall sick.
You must take care, or you will fall sick.
ii. Rohan’s team won the cricket match. He was happy.
Rohan’s team won the cricket match and he was happy.
iii. He is lean and thin. He is very energetic.
He is lean and thin but (he is) very energetic.
So we can say when two sentences of equal importance are joined, we use “and”, “but”, and “or” as conjunctions. They are called co-ordinating conjunctions.
- “and” joins two similar ideas.
- “but” joins two opposite ideas.
- “or” joins two alternative ideas.
Now rewrite these sentences using “and,” “but,” and “or” as linkers:
(i) Give me a pen. Give me a pencil.
Give me a pen or give me a pencil.
(ii) He works very hard. He gets a low salary.
He works very hard, but he gets a low salary.
(iii) Hurry up. You will be late.
Hurry up, or you will be late.
(iv) We knocked at the door. No one answered.
We knocked at the door, but no one answered.
(v) Man discovered fire. He learnt to cook.
Man discovered fire and learnt to cook.
(vi) He is slow. He is sure.
He is slow, but he is sure.
(vii) Sanjana worked hard. She won a scholarship.
Sanjana worked hard and won a scholarship.
(viii) Priya can come early. Reshma can’t come early.
Priya can come early, but Reshma can’t come early.
(ix) Abu should go home early. His mother will be worried.
Abu should go home early, or his mother will be worried.
(x) Sunil must learn to use a computer. Sunil will not get a good job.
Sunil must learn to use a computer, or he will not get a good job.
(B) Prefixes:
A Prefix is a letter or a group of letters placed before a root word so as to change its meaning. Look at what these prefixes do.
| S. No. | Prefixes | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | in | not, opposite of | incorrect, incapable |
| 2 | un | not, opposite of | unhappy, untie |
| 3 | dis | not, opposite of | disagree, displease |
| 4 | over | too much | overflow, overeat |
| 5 | re | again | redo, replay |
| 6 | non | not | nonstop, non-payment |
(a) Now rewrite the sentences using the correct prefix with the word in brackets:
(i) Many drivers disobey the speed restriction on roads.
(ii) I had to reread the directions because I couldn’t understand them in my first reading.
(iii) The garden hasn’t been mown so weeds have overgrown.
(iv) I replaced the ball she had lost.
(v) These slippers are made of recycled plastic.
(b) The prefix “fore” means “before”. Add “fore”to make new words from the following and use them in the sentences given below:
(front, cast , fathers, noon, tell)
(i) According to the last evening’s weather forecast, it may rain today.
(ii) Astrologers claim that they can foretell your future.
(iii) He has applied for half a day’s leave in the forenoon today.
(iv) A true leader is always in the forefront.
(v) We don’t often realize that we owe a lot to our forefathers.
(C) Rearrange the following words to make meaningful sentences:
1. important / spray / it / pesticides / is / to / .
Answer: It is important to spray pesticides.
2. purify / to / water / use / chlorine / tablets / .
Answer: To purify water, use chlorine tablets.
3. cure / prevention / is / than / better / .
Answer: Prevention is better than cure.
4. dogs / raining / cats / is / it / and / .
Answer: It is raining cats and dogs.
5. useful / are / dams / us / for / .
Answer: Dams are useful for us.
6. should / plant / trees / we / more / .
Answer: We should plant more trees.
Here is a railway ticket for you. Show it to your partner and talk about the ticket. Then ask these questions.
1. How many people travelled on this ticket?
Answer: One adult travelled on this ticket.
2. What is the fare?
Answer: The fare is Rs. 1278.
3. What is the number of the ticket?
Answer: The ticket number is 05323173.
4. Where does/do he/they board the train?
Answer: The passenger boarded the train at Bhopal Junction (BPL).
5. Which place was/were he/they going to?
Answer: The passenger was going to Lucknow.
6. What is the distance between the two stations?
Answer: The distance between the two stations is 583 kilometers.
Let’s Read
Read the following passage carefully:
There has been an outbreak of infectious diseases like Dengue, Malaria, and Chikungunya in different parts of our country after the rainy season. These diseases are mainly caused by mosquito bites. A large number of people, including children, are falling sick. All these diseases start with fever. Only a doctor, after laboratory investigations, can diagnose these diseases. There is no vaccine available for all these diseases. We can avoid these diseases by taking certain precautions.
Preventive Measures:
- Preventing mosquitoes from entering the house by using nets.
- Protecting ourselves from mosquito bites by using protective clothing.
- Avoiding or eliminating water stagnation as mosquitoes lay eggs in stale, stagnant water.
- Killing mosquitoes by using pesticide sprays or thermal fogs.
- Draining stagnant water from potted plants, air coolers, etc.
Questions and Answers:
1. Write the names of the diseases mentioned in the passage.
Answer: Dengue, Malaria, and Chikungunya.
2. Is there any vaccine for the treatment of these diseases?
Answer: No, there is no vaccine available for the treatment of these diseases.
3. What should we do if we have fever?
Answer: If we have a fever, we should consult a doctor, who will perform laboratory investigations to diagnose the disease.
4. Write down some preventive measures to avoid these diseases.
Answer:
- Prevent mosquitoes from entering the house by using nets.
- Protect ourselves from mosquito bites by using protective clothing.
- Avoid or eliminate water stagnation, as mosquitoes lay eggs in stagnant water.
- Kill mosquitoes by using pesticide sprays or thermal fogs.
- Drain stagnant water from potted plants, air coolers, etc.
5. Arrange the jumbled letters given below to make words:
(i) sediases → diseases
(ii) alamiar → malaria
(iii) aidrn → drain
(iv) vefer → fever
Let’s Write
A. Go round the class and complete the table given below by asking these questions.
1. Have you ever had flu/fever?
Answer: Yes/No
2. How long were you in bed?
Answer: — days
3. What medicine was prescribed?
Answer: Tablets/Injection
4. What precautions were you supposed to take?
Answer: For example: Drink plenty of fluids, avoid oily or spicy food, rest properly, etc.
| S.No | Name | Flu/Fever | Rest in Bed | Medicine | Precaution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Reena | Flu | 4 days | Tablets | No spicy food |
| 2 | Rahul | Fever | 3 days | Injection | Drink plenty of fluids |
| 3 | Priya | Flu | 5 days | Tablets | Avoid cold drinks |
| 4 | Ankit | Fever | 2 days | Syrup | Rest properly |
| 5 | Meena | Flu | 4 days | Tablets | Eat light and healthy food |
| 6 | Sanjay | Fever | 3 days | Injection | Avoid going outdoors |
| 7 | Richa | Flu | 6 days | Tablets | Use warm clothing |